The central focus of this budget has been on employment and associated issues like skill formation. The government’s efforts to reap India’s demographic dividend is visible in its push towards labour intensive production, its skilling initiative, incentivising formal job creation and increasing participation of women in the workforce. The budget estimate that these measures will help create 8 million jobs per year — which is line with the employment requirement that has been set out in the economic survey.
The change in income tax slabs along with the direct benefit transfer to first time workers, is likely to spur consumption, particularly for small ticket items, by increasing disposable incomes. The budget’s policy mix – including continued capex, job creation, support for manufacturing, agriculture, and rural development – is likely to be positive for India’s potential growth.
The government made no compromise on its capex plans despite the increased allocation to some of its allies. The commitment towards fiscal consolidation with a reduction in the fiscal deficit to 4.9% of GDP in FY25 is a positive for medium-term debt sustainability.
Although markets have been disappointed with the increase in the capital gains tax, this is line with the communication by different branches of the government and regulators to be cautious and prevent any excess build-up of risk in the system.
